Blue-flame oil burner



A. J. BLACKFORD BLUE FLAMHOIL BURNER File y 21, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 7 gwuemtoz A. J. BLACKFORD BLUE FLAME OIL BURNER 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 21 (161 01 may,

Patented Jan. 13, 1925.

STATE% 1 were ATWELL J. BLAGKFO-RD, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN STOVE COM- PANY, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

BLUE-FLAME on. sunnnn.

Application filed May 21, 1923. Serial No. 640,445.

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, A'rWnLI. J. BLACK- rono, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga e and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Blue- Flame Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in blue flame oil burners and the present invention pertains to providing a stove with a uniform size oil supply, and in making interchangeably large and small burners so constructed that either burner will operate upon the uniform size oil supply.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide a blue flame oil stove containing a combustion section of large diameter, the large diameter combustion section being so constructed that it will burn on the same oil supply as an ordinary size combustion section, whereby there is provided a giant burner or combustion section, and a small burner or combustion section which are interchangeably usable on a small-diameter oil supply.

An oil stove constructed to carry out the above object, enables me to use what is known in the trade as a giant combustion section, whereby when a large flame is desirable the operator can use the giant combustion section on the small size oil supply, and when a small flame is desirable, an

ordinary size combustion section can be used on the same oil supply. Oil stoves are usually provided with a plurality of oil supplies and combustion sections, audit is extremely useful to the operator to be able to 40 use either a large combustion section or an ordinary size combustion section on thesame oil supply. It enables a stove to be provided wit a plurality of oil supplies of the same diameter, while the operator 4:; may use with these uniform oil supplies eitherfthe giant combustion sectio'n,'or an ordinary size combustion section.

Oil stoves are usually provided with movable ovens so that when it is desired to bake the oven will be placed over one or more of the'burner holes. By providing a stove with a giant combustion section and an ordinary size combustion section then the operator can use either combustion section with the oven that may be desired. At

- the same time should it be desired to have a large flame, which is frequently desirable in certain kinds of cooking, then the operator may use the giant combustion section on the same small oil supply.

Other objects of the present invention will appear from the following description and disclosure.

Figure l is a perspective view of an oil stove showing my present invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 isa central vertical sectional view of the large diameter or giant combustion section.

Heretofore in blue flame oil stoves when it is desired to provide them with a giant burner and a small burner or burners, it has been necessary to make an oil supply of larger diameter, than the oil supply for the small combustion section. The objection to this form of humor is that it necessitates the use of the large or iant combustion section when only a smal flame is desir-able or necessary. It adds expense to the burner, and it prevents the operator from using the giant burner on any of the oil supplies. That is to say the giant burner can only be used on the giant oil supply. Such a construction also ositions what part of the stove shall-have t e largeflame. It frequently happens in the operation of the oil stoves that the large flame is desired at some part of the stove other thanat the giant oil supply, which can not be done where the stove has a giant oil supply and. a. small oil supply. It is a waste of oil to use a giant'combustion section when a small combustion section will serve the purpose.

The present invention overcomes all of the foregoing difiiculties. 95

I have spent years 1n an efiort to produce a stove having a giant combustion section and a small combustion section both of which will interchangeably properly operate on the small oil supply. Only com- 100 paratively recently have I discovered how to accomplish the end, although there has been a demand for years for such a device. In Figure I is shown a complete stove. It comprises the ordinary frame 1 in which 105 are located a plurality of oil supply chambers 2, all of them being of the same diameter. These oil supply chambers in the form of stove here shown receive oil from a supply pipe 3 which is common to the oil 110 supply chambers 2, and the oil supply pipe 3' connects with the ordinary type of maintained oil supply reservoir 4. By this means the oil is maintained at a uniform 1 height in the oil supply chamber 2, which is so well known that further explanation is unnecessary.

The ordinary size combustion sections 5 are attachable and detachable from the oil Supply chambers 2 in the usual manner, that is to say they can be lifted from the oil supplies. A giant combustion section 6 is shown in position on one of the oil supply chambers 2. It like the small combustion section 6 is removable by lifting it from the oil supply chamber 2.

In the particular type of stove here shown the oil supply chamber is of the wick variety, whlch I preferably, though not necessarily, use. I desire it to be understood that the present invention can be applied to the well known wickless type of burner as well as the wick type.

The general features of my present im- 7 provement comprlse an outer combustion section 7, an inner combustion section 8, each combustion section having its lower end tapered inward at 7 and 8, as shown in my U. S. Patent 915,656 dated March 16, 1909. These combustion sections have their lower ends seated around the upper end of the oil supply chambers 2 in a manner which is well understood by those skilled in the art.

In my efforts to producea' giant burner I discovered that it was necessary to produce a greater amount of vapor to supply the necessary vapor for the large or giant flame, than was necessary for the small combustion section flame.

After repeated experiments and efforts extendin over a period of years Ihave-discovered a way by which a suflicient amount of vapor can be generated from-the oil sup-' ply for the 'ant combustion section.

The com ustion sections shown inthe figures of the drawings contain a surrounding hood 11, the primary object of which in the several constructions is to protect the combustion sections from lateral air drafts, which is also true in respect to the hoods which have heretofore been used with burners of this type for a great many years. As shown in m aforesaid Patent 915,656 the upper and ower e' as of. the hood are turned in, accomplishing the same'as shown at 12 in the accompanying drawings. However the hood 11 o the giant burner 6 has an additional inturned flange 13 which is preferably turned' in substantially horizontal and to a int fairly nearan inclined flange 14 carri by the outer tube 7. This inclined flange is connected to the outer tube 7 at the point 15 and extends downward throughout the lengthjof-the cone 7. Particular attention is to the fact that this flange provides a small annular opening 16 at its lower end between it and the lower end of the cone 7 and that-the space between the flange and the cone gradually decreases until at its upper end 17 the space disappears.

From the accompanying drawings it will be observed that the lower ends 18 of the cones 7' and 8' are of the same diameter whereby the are adapted to fit the same size oil supp y chamber 2.

After various efiorts and experimentations to obtain a giant combustion section which is interchangeablewith the size oil supply for the small combustion section, which has extended over years of time, I have discovered that in order to obtain the necessary increased heat at the lower part of the combustion tubes of the giant burner to'produce an increased amount of vaporization, it is necessary that the openings in the lower tapered part of the combustion sections be sufficiently small to prevent the rush of air through these dpenings. I have discovered that where the ordinary size opening'is used with the giant burner that the air flows through the openings so rapidly that there is not sufficient combustion to heat-the tubes tothe desired degree. I have found it necessary to increase the heat sufliciently to heat ltlhe cones or the greater portion of them red ot. ings 19 in the inner and outer tapered portions of the combustion sections to. a size which will maintain combustion right. at the point ofentrance of the air, and I increase the number of openings whereby a suflicient volume of air is provided, and whereby a suflicient amount of combustion is provided to increase the heat and provide the necessary increased production of vapor from the oil supply to provide the necessary amount of vapor to distribute throughout the much larger space between the tubes of the combustion sections of the giant burner. Therefore my improvement involves reducing the size of the combustion tubes so that they both fit the same size oil supplies, and at the same time rovide the lower portion of the reduced tu es with openings so small that combustion is maintained and volume of air I therefore reduce the size of the openis supplied without destroying the combusthe smaller 0 nings, that it confines the heat produce by the combustion section thereby increasin the heat which very materially produces t e necessary increased heat for accomplishing an increased vaporization of the oil. --I also find that by turning the lower end of the hood 11 in suficiently far- V 1 ,saam

ther than in the ordinary hood to produce the reducedspace 20 I regulate the amount of air which passes into the hood, and that it adds much to the operation of the burner, for producing the increased amount of heat.

The question of escaping unburned vapor which causes an odor 1s very important in burners of this type. B providing a giant burner constructed as erein described I produce a burner in which the vapor is well distributed throughout the increased combustion section, and that the vapor is thoroughly impregnated with air, and that the final burning of the vapor at the upper end of the sectionissuch as to prevent the escape of odors.

So far as I am aware a stove has never before been provided with a small combustion chamber and a large or giant combustion chamber having their lower ends constructed to fit the small size oil supply whereby the large and the small combustion sections can be interchangeably used with the advantages that are pointed out herein.

Attention is directed to the fact that the cones in the giant burner are considerably longer than in the small burner, being as shown preferably 3 or 4 times, which correspondingl reduces the length of the straight portion of the tubes.

I desire it to be understood that the constructions herein described may be varied somewhat without departing from the spirit of my invention so long as it is within the appended claims. v

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A blue flame oil burner, comprising an oil supply, a giant combustion section comprising perforated inner and outer tubes which are tapered to fit, the said oil supply, the lower end of the said tubes provided with openings smaller and more numerous than the openings in the tubes thereabove whereby greater combustion and heat is accomplished to provide the increased vapor zation necessary for the said tubes.

2. A blue flame oil stove, comprising an oil supply, a giant combustion section comprising inner and outer perforated tubes, the lower ends of the tubes provided with truncated cone portions to fit the said oil supply, and a flange havin its upper end connected to the upper en of the cone ofthe outer perforated tube, said flange tapered inwardly to restrict the flow of air and to hold 7 the heat, whereby increased vaporization is produced-for the large combustion section.

3. A blue flame oil stove, comprising an oil supply, a giant combustion section having inner and outer perforated tubes, the lower parts of the tubes having a truncated coneshape to fit the said oil supply, the cones of the said perforated tubes having openings smaller and more numerous than said tubes for the purpose described.

4. A blue flame oil burner, comprising an oil supply, "a giant combustion section comprising inner and outer perforated tubes, the lower portion of the tubes having truncated cone portions to fit the sai oil supply, the said cone portions having openings smaller and more numerous than the said tubes, a flange surrounding the outer truncated. cone portion, the upper end of the flange secured to the upper end .of the said cone, the said flange inclined, and a hood surrounding the said tubes-the lower end of the hood extending inward close to the said flange, whereby increased heat is maintained for the purpose of providing the necessary increased vapor for thelarge perforated cones.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my 

